Shloka 40
Vidura-nīti: Atithi-dharma, Trust, Counsel-Secrecy, and Traits of Sustainable Rule
Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 38
Devanagari script
नष्ट समुद्रे पतितं नष्टं वाक्यमशृण्वति । अनात्मनि श्रुतं नष्टं नष्ट हुतमनग्निकम्,समुद्रमें गिरी हुई वस्तु विनाशको प्राप्त हो जाती है; जो सुनता नहीं, उससे कही हुई बात भी विनष्ट हो जाती है; अजितेन्द्रिय पुरुषका शास्त्रज्ञान और राखमें किया हुआ हवन भी नष्ट ही है
Translation
What falls into the sea is lost; so too is a word spoken to one who will not listen. Scripture heard by a man without self-mastery is wasted, and an offering made without fire is likewise in vain.
Word by Word
नष्टम्lost, destroyed
नष्टम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootनष्ट (√नश्)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
समुद्रेin the sea
समुद्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्र
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पतितम्fallen
पतितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपतित (√पत्)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
नष्टम्is lost
नष्टम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootनष्ट (√नश्)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
वाक्यम्speech, statement
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अशृण्वतिdoes not hear/listen
अशृण्वति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√श्रु
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अनात्मनिin/with one lacking self-control
अनात्मनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअनात्मन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
श्रुतम्learning, what is heard (scriptural knowledge)
श्रुतम्:
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुत (√श्रु)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
नष्टम्is lost
नष्टम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootनष्ट (√नश्)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
नष्टम्is lost
नष्टम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootनष्ट (√नश्)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
हुतम्offering, oblation
हुतम्:
TypeNoun
Rootहुत (√हु)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अनग्निकम्without fire (fireless)
अनग्निकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनग्निक
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
Speaker
विदुर उवाच
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes