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Shloka 5

Śikhaṇḍin’s Transformation, Daśārṇa Verification, and Kubera’s Conditional Curse

Udyoga Parva 193

गौतमो द्विगुणं कालमुक्तवानिति नः श्रुतम्‌ । द्रौणिस्तु दशरात्रेण प्रतिजज्ञे महास्त्रवित्‌

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca |

gautamo dviguṇaṃ kālam uktavān iti naḥ śrutam | drauṇis tu daśarātreṇa pratijajñe mahāstravit ||

Yudhiṣṭhira said: “We have heard that Gautama stated a time twice as long. But Droṇi—Aśvatthāman, the great master of weapons—has vowed that within ten nights he can bring about the destruction of the Pāṇḍava host.”

गौतमःGautama
गौतमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगौतम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्विगुणम्double (as much)
द्विगुणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootद्विगुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कालम्time/period
कालम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उक्तवान्said/declared
उक्तवान्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (periphrastic), Third, Singular, Masculine
इतिthus/that
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
नःof us/our
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
श्रुतम्heard (it is heard)
श्रुतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormPast passive participle, Neuter, Nominative, Singular
द्रौणिःDrauni (Aśvatthāman, son of Droṇa)
द्रौणिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौणि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
दशरात्रेणby/within ten nights
दशरात्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदशरात्र
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्रतिजज्ञेpromised/vowed
प्रतिजज्ञे:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-ज्ञा
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
महास्त्रवित्great knower/user of weapons
महास्त्रवित्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहास्त्रवित्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
G
Gautama
D
Drauṇi (Aśvatthāman)
D
Droṇa

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how, in the lead-up to war, competitive vows about rapid victory can normalize large-scale destruction; it implicitly invites reflection on dharma—whether prowess and speed in killing can ever outweigh moral restraint and responsibility.

Yudhiṣṭhira reports what he has heard: different warriors or authorities have declared differing timeframes for destroying the Pāṇḍava army, and Aśvatthāman (Droṇa’s son) has made the boldest pledge—accomplishing it in ten nights.