Shloka 5

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय १५१: कृष्णस्य कौरव-अवज्ञा-निर्णयः तथा पाण्डव-योगाज्ञा

Krishna on the Kauravas’ Rejection of Counsel; Pandava Readiness Ordered

Devanagari script

विद्राव्य शतशो गुल्मान्‌ धार्तराष्ट्रस्य सैनिकान्‌ । पर्यक्रामत्‌ समन्ताच्च पार्थेन सह केशव:

Transliteration

vidrāvya śataśo gulmān dhārtarāṣṭrasya sainikān | paryakrāmat samantācca pārthena saha keśavaḥ ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana said: Having routed hundreds of troop-formations of Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s soldiers, Keśava (Kṛṣṇa), together with Pārtha (Arjuna), moved about on every side.

Word by Word

• विद्राव्य: having driven away
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि+द्रु (धातु)
• Form: ल्यप् (क्त्वान्त/absolutive), कर्तरि

• शतशः: by hundreds; in hundreds
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शतशस् (अव्यय)

• गुल्मान्: troops/companies (detachments)
• गुल्मान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुल्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• धार्तराष्ट्रस्य: of Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s (i.e., Duryodhana’s)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धार्तराष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• सैनिकान्: soldiers
• सैनिकान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सैनिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• पर्यक्रामत्: moved about; ranged
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि+क्रम् (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• समन्तात्: on all sides; all around
• समन्तात्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्तात् (अव्यय)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)

• पार्थेन: with Pārtha (Arjuna)
• पार्थेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• सह: together with
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)

• केशवः: Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)
• केशवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: केशव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)
• Pārtha (Arjuna)
• Dhārtarāṣṭra soldiers (Kaurava forces)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even in a martial setting, righteous action emphasizes disciplined force and clear purpose: Kṛṣṇa’s composed guidance and Arjuna’s readiness illustrate dharmic leadership—securing the situation and protecting one’s side without being overwhelmed by anger or confusion.

What is happening in the narrative?

Kṛṣṇa (Keśava), accompanied by Arjuna (Pārtha), drives off numerous Kaurava (Dhārtarāṣṭra) troop-detachments and then moves about the area on all sides, indicating tactical control and active reconnaissance/positioning amid escalating hostilities.