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Shloka 20

Kaurava Mobilization at Kurukṣetra (Duryodhana Orders War Preparations) / कुरुक्षेत्रे धार्तराष्ट्र-सैन्यसज्जा

धनुष्मान्‌ कवची खड्गी रथमारुहा[ दंशित: । दिव्यैरहयवरैर्युक्तमग्निकुण्डात्‌ समुत्थित:

Vaiśampāyana uvāca: dhanuṣmān kavacī khaḍgī rathamāruhya daṃśitaḥ | divyair hayavarair yukto 'gnikuṇḍāt samutthitaḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana said: Armed with bow, cuirass, and sword, fully accoutred for battle, he mounted his chariot. Yoked with excellent divine steeds, he had arisen from a fire-pit—an extraordinary warrior whose very appearance signals a destiny shaped by ascetic power and higher purpose in the coming war.

धनुष्मान्bow-bearing
धनुष्मान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधनुष्मत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कवचीarmored, wearing a cuirass
कवची:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकवचिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
खड्गीsword-bearing
खड्गी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootखड्गिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आरूढःmounted, having ascended
आरूढः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-रुह्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
दंशितःarmed/accoutred, equipped (for battle)
दंशितः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदंश्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
दिव्यैःwith divine
दिव्यैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootदिव्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
हयवरैःexcellent horses
हयवरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहयवर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
युक्तम्yoked, harnessed
युक्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
अग्निकुण्डात्from the fire-pit
अग्निकुण्डात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअग्निकुण्ड
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
समुत्थितःarisen, emerged
समुत्थितः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-उत्-स्था
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
C
chariot (ratha)
B
bow (dhanus)
A
armor/cuirass (kavaca)
S
sword (khaḍga)
D
divine horses (divya hayāḥ)
F
fire-pit (agnikuṇḍa)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the Mahābhārata’s idea that warfare, when framed as a dharmic necessity, is not mere violence but a grave duty carried by those specifically prepared—ethically and ritually—for a destined role. The imagery of emergence from the fire-pit highlights purpose, discipline, and accountability rather than personal rage.

Vaiśampāyana describes a formidable warrior appearing as if born from a sacrificial fire, already armed and immediately mounting a chariot drawn by divine horses—an introduction that marks him as a pivotal agent in the impending conflict.