Shloka 15
भीष्मस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति कुलहितोपदेशः | Bhīṣma’s Counsel to Duryodhana on Dynastic Welfare
Devanagari script
अयं हि काल: सम्प्राप्तो धार्तराष्ट्रीपजीविनाम् । निर्वेष्टव्यं मया तत्र प्राणानपरिरक्षता
Translation
Now indeed the time has come for those who live depending on Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons. There I must repay that debt of kindness, even without guarding my own life, so that I may be free of what I owe to those I have relied upon.
Word by Word
अयम्this (one/this)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
कालःtime/occasion
कालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सम्प्राप्तःarrived/has come
सम्प्राप्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-आप्
Formक्त (past passive participle, used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
धार्तराष्ट्रीपजीविनाम्of those who live by/under the Dhārtarāṣṭrīs (Kauravas)
धार्तराष्ट्रीपजीविनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्रीपजीविन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
निर्वेष्टव्यम्must be repaid/returned (as a debt/obligation)
निर्वेष्टव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootनिर्-वेṣ्ट्
Formतव्यत् (gerundive/obligative), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
तत्रthere/in that matter
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
प्राणान्life-breaths/life
प्राणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अपरिरक्षताwhile not protecting (them)
अपरिरक्षता:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootअ-परि-रक्ष्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Instrumental, Singular
Speaker
कर्ण उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes