Shloka 43

Adhyāya 128 — Proposal to Restrain Keśava; Sātyaki’s Warning and Vidura–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Counsel

Devanagari script

प्रयच्छ पाण्डुपुत्राणां यथोचितमरिंदम । यदीच्छसि सहामात्यो भोक्तुमर्ध प्रदीयताम्‌

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca | prayaccha pāṇḍuputrāṇāṃ yathocitam ariṃdama | yadīcchasi sahāmātyo bhoktum ardhaṃ pradīyatām ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana said: “O subduer of foes, grant the sons of Pāṇḍu what is fitting. If you truly wish to enjoy kingship together with your ministers, then let half the kingdom be given to them.”

Word by Word

• प्रयच्छ: give, grant
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-यम् (यच्छति)
• Form: Loṭ, 2, singular, Parasmaipada

• पाण्डुपुत्राणाम्: to/for the sons of Pāṇḍu (the Pāṇḍavas)
• पाण्डुपुत्राणाम्: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डुपुत्र
• Form: masculine, genitive, plural

• यथोचितम्: as is proper, appropriate
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यथोचित
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• अरिंदम: O subduer of enemies
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरिंदम
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• यदि: if
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि

• इच्छसि: you desire, you wish
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष् (इच्छति)
• Form: Laṭ, 2, singular, Parasmaipada

• सह: together with
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह

• अमात्यः: with ministers
• अमात्यः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमात्य
• Form: masculine, instrumental, plural

• भोक्तुम्: to enjoy, to rule/possess (the kingdom)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भुज्
• Form: Tumun (infinitive)

• अर्धम्: half (share)
• अर्धम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्ध
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• प्रदीयताम्: let it be given
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-दा
• Form: Loṭ, Karmani (passive), 3, singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Pāṇḍuputrāḥ (Pāṇḍavas)
• Amātyāḥ (ministers)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A ruler’s legitimacy rests on giving others their rightful due (yathocitam). Refusing a just share out of greed invites adharma and makes destructive conflict morally and politically inevitable.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Udyoga Parva’s pre-war negotiations, counsel is being offered to the Kuru side: if they want stable enjoyment of sovereignty, they should concede an appropriate share—explicitly half the kingdom—to the Pāṇḍavas, thereby restoring justice and avoiding war.