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Shloka 14

अध्याय १२२ — कृष्णस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति नीत्युपदेशः

Kṛṣṇa’s Ethical Counsel to Duryodhana

पितामह् उवाच बहुवर्षसहस्रान्तं प्रजापालनवर्धितम्‌ । अनेकक्रतुदानौधैर्यत्‌ त्वयोपार्जितं फलम्‌

pitāmaha uvāca bahuvarṣasahasrāntaṃ prajā-pālana-vardhitam | aneka-kratu-dāna-aughair yat tvayopārjitaṃ phalam ||

Pitāmaha said: “O king, the merit you amassed over many thousands of years—won through countless sacrifices and torrents of gifts, and then steadily increased by the dharma of protecting your subjects—was all ruined because of the fault of pride. It was for that very arrogance that you were cast down, and the dwellers of heaven reproached you.”

पितामहःthe grandsire (Bhīṣma)
पितामहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
बहु-वर्ष-सहस्र-अन्तम्extending to many thousands of years
बहु-वर्ष-सहस्र-अन्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रजा-पालन-वर्धितम्increased by the protection of subjects
प्रजा-पालन-वर्धितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्धित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनेक-क्रतु-दान-ओघैःby floods/abundance of many sacrifices and gifts
अनेक-क्रतु-दान-ओघैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootओघ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
यत्which (that)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
उपार्जितम्acquired/earned
उपार्जितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउप-आर्ज्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
फलम्fruit/result (merit)
फलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootफल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

पितामह् उवाच

P
Pitāmaha (Bhīṣma)
A
a king (addressed as rājendra in the prose gloss)
S
Svarga (heaven) and its residents (implied in the gloss)

Educational Q&A

Even vast merit gained through sacrifices, charity, and righteous kingship can be nullified by pride; arrogance leads to moral downfall and loss of honor.

Pitāmaha (Bhīṣma) admonishes a king, explaining that the king’s long-earned spiritual merit—built by yajñas, gifts, and protection of subjects—was destroyed because of pride, resulting in his fall and condemnation by heavenly beings.