Shloka 3
दक्षिणा-दिक्, पितृपक्ष-प्रतिष्ठा, तथा कर्मगतिः — Suparṇa’s Cosmographic Instruction
Devanagari script
द्विजश्रेष्ठ गालव! बोलो, मैं पूर्व, दक्षिण, पश्चिम अथवा उत्तरमेंसे किस दिशाकी ओर चलूँ? २ ।। यस्यामुदयते पूर्व सर्वलोकप्र भावन: । सविता यत्र संध्यायां साध्यानां वर्तते तप:
Translation
“O best of Brahmins, Gālava, speak: of the east, the south, the west, or the north—which direction shall I take? For in the east rises Savitar, the Sun who sustains all worlds; and there, at twilight, the Sādhyas abide in austerity.”
Word by Word
यस्याम्in which (direction)
यस्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (स्त्री. यत्-शब्दः)
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
उदयतेrises
उदयते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउद् + इ (उदेति)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
पूर्वःthe East
पूर्वः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वलोकप्रभावनःthe illuminator/benefactor of all worlds
सर्वलोकप्रभावनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व + लोक + प्रभावन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सविताthe Sun
सविता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
सन्ध्यायाम्at twilight
सन्ध्यायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसन्ध्या
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
साध्यानाम्of the Sādhyas (a class of deities)
साध्यानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसाध्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वर्ततेexists/continues/is performed
वर्तते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (वर्तते)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
तपःausterity/penance
तपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
युपर्ण उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes