Shloka 39

अबुध्यमानस्ता वाचो धर्मपुत्रो युधिष्ठिर: । उवाच के भवन्तो वै किमर्थमिह तिष्ठथ,उनकी वे बातें पूर्णएरूपसे न समझकर धर्मपुत्र युधिष्ठिने पूछा--“आपलोग कौन हैं और किसलिये यहाँ रहते हैं?”

abudhyamānās tā vāco dharmaputro yudhiṣṭhiraḥ | uvāca ke bhavanto vai kimartham iha tiṣṭhatha ||

Not fully grasping their words, Yudhiṣṭhira—the son of Dharma—asked, “Who indeed are you, and for what purpose do you remain here?”

अबुध्यमानाःnot understanding
अबुध्यमानाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
Formशतृ (वर्तमानकालिक कर्तरि), पुंल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
ताःthose
ताः:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
वाचःwords/speeches
वाचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
धर्मपुत्रःDharma's son
धर्मपुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मपुत्र
Formपुंल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
Formपुंल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formलिट् (परस्मैपद), भूतार्थे (perfect used as past), प्रथम, एकवचन
केwho?
के:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formपुंल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
भवन्तःyou (hon.)
भवन्तः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
Formपुंल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
किम्what?
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
अर्थम्purpose/reason
अर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
Formपुंल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
तिष्ठथdo you stand/stay
तिष्ठथ:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formलट्, परस्मैपद, मध्यम, बहुवचन

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharmaputra)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dharmic inquiry: when confronted with unclear or morally significant speech, Yudhiṣṭhira responds not with assumption but with respectful questioning—seeking identity and purpose before judging or acting.

Vaiśampāyana narrates that Yudhiṣṭhira does not fully understand what has been said to him; therefore he asks the speakers—addressed honorifically—who they are and why they are present there.