Mahabharata 11.2.10 — Stree Parva, Adhyaya 2, Shloka 10

Strī Parva, Adhyāya 2 — Vidura’s Consolation on Kāla, Karma, and the Limits of Lamentation (विदुरोपदेशः)

Devanagari script

एक्सरार्थप्रयातानां सर्वेषां तत्र गमिनाम्‌ | यस्य काल: प्रयात्यग्रे तत्र का परिदेवना

Translation

Vidura says: “All who have come together upon this world’s journey must one day go on to that farther shore. Among them, the one whose appointed Time arrives first goes ahead. In such a case, what is there to lament?”

Word by Word

• अक्षरार्थप्रयातानाम्: of those who have set out for the imperishable goal/meaning
• अक्षरार्थप्रयातानाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अक्षरार्थप्रयात (अक्षर + अर्थ + प्रयात)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• सर्वेषाम्: of all
• सर्वेषाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र

• गमिनाम्: of the goers/travellers
• गमिनाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: गमिन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• कालः: time (appointed time/death-time)
• कालः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रयाति: goes/comes to pass; arrives
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (प्र + या)
• Form: Present, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अग्रे: in front/first
• अग्रे: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अग्र

• तत्र: there/then
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र

• का: what?
• का: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• परिदेवना: lamentation/grief
• परिदेवना: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिदेवना
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

विदुर उवाच