Shloka 28
Kṣātra-dharma in Campaign and Battle: Protection, Purification, and the Ideal Warrior’s End (क्षात्रधर्मः—अभियानयुद्धे रक्षणदानशुद्धिः)
Devanagari script
रणेषु कदन कृत्वा ज्ञातिभि: परिवारित: । ती#णै: शस्त्रैरभिक्लिष्ट: क्षत्रियो मृत्युमहीति
Translation
Bhīṣma said: “A kṣatriya should meet death on the battlefield, surrounded by his kinsmen, wreaking great slaughter in the fight, and at last surrendering his life, grievously wounded by keen weapons—such a death alone is worthy of him.”
Word by Word
रणेषुin battles
रणेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
कदनम्slaughter, destruction
कदनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकदन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving done/made
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा, Active, Absolutive (having done)
ज्ञातिभिःby kinsmen/relatives
ज्ञातिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञाति
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
परिवारितःsurrounded, encircled
परिवारितः:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + वृ (परिवारयति)
Formक्त, Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (past participle)
तीक्ष्णैःwith sharp
तीक्ष्णैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootतीक्ष्ण
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
शस्त्रैःweapons
शस्त्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशस्त्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
अभिक्लिष्टःafflicted, sorely pained
अभिक्लिष्टः:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + क्लिश्
Formक्त, Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (past participle)
क्षत्रियःa Kshatriya (warrior)
क्षत्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मृत्युम्death
मृत्युम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अर्हतिdeserves, is worthy of
अर्हति:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes