Shloka 12
धर्म्यविजय-नियमाः
Rules for Dharmic Victory in Kṣatriya Engagement
Devanagari script
साधूनां तु मिथो भेदात् साधुश्नेद् व्यसनी भवेत् । निष्प्राणो नाभिहन्तव्यो नानपत्य: कथंचन
Translation
Bhīṣma said: “When, through discord among the virtuous, a noble man falls into distress, one should not strike him. And one who is without strength, and one who has no offspring, should not be harmed in any way.”
Word by Word
साधूनाम्of the good (people)
साधूनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसाधु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
मिथःmutually, among themselves
मिथः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमिथः
भेदात्from dissension/division
भेदात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभेद
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
साधुःa good man
साधुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसाधु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत्
व्यसनीafflicted, in distress/misfortune
व्यसनी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यसनिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्may become / should become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
निष्प्राणःlifeless / without strength (as good as dead)
निष्प्राणः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिष्प्राण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अभिहन्तव्यःto be struck/killed (should be attacked)
अभिहन्तव्यः:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-हन्
FormGerundive (tavya), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अनपत्यःchildless
अनपत्यः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनपत्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथंचनin any way, at all
कथंचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचन
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes