Shloka 39

राष्ट्रगुप्ति-संग्रहः

Protection of the Realm and Principles of Revenue & Local Administration

Devanagari script

तस्माद्‌ गोमिषु यत्नेन प्रीति कुर्याद्‌ विचक्षण: । दयावानप्रमत्तश्न करान्‌ सम्प्रणयन्‌ मृदून्‌

Transliteration

tasmād gomiṣu yatnena prīti kuryād vicakṣaṇaḥ | dayāvān apramattaś ca karān sampraṇayan mṛdūn ||

Translation

Therefore, a discerning person should, with deliberate care, cultivate affection and goodwill toward cows. Compassionate and vigilant, he should treat them gently—handling them with soft, considerate hands.

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: therefore/from that
• तस्मात्: Apadana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: neuter, ablative, singular

• गोमिषु: in/among cow-dung (cow-excreta)
• गोमिषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोमि
• Form: neuter, locative, plural

• यत्नेन: with effort, carefully
• यत्नेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: यत्न
• Form: masculine, instrumental, singular

• प्रीतिम्: affection, goodwill
• प्रीतिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रीति
• Form: feminine, accusative, singular

• कुर्यात्: should do/make
• कुर्यात्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: optative (vidhiling), third, singular, parasmaipada

• विचक्षणः: the discerning (man)
• विचक्षणः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विचक्षण
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• दयावान्: compassionate
• दयावान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दयावत्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• अप्रमत्तः: vigilant, not negligent
• अप्रमत्तः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अप्रमत्त
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• श्न्: let him eat/consume
• श्न्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्नु (श्ना/श्ना-धातु)
• Form: imperative (lot), third, singular, parasmaipada

• करान्: hands (or rays); here: hands
• करान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

• सम्प्रणयन्: bringing together, joining
• सम्प्रणयन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-प्र-नी
• Form: present active participle (śatṛ), masculine, nominative, singular

• मृदून्: soft, gentle
• मृदून्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मृदु
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• cows (go)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Dharma is shown through compassionate, attentive conduct: the wise should deliberately cultivate goodwill toward cows and treat them gently, without negligence.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma, instructing on righteous conduct in the Śānti Parva, emphasizes practical ethics—urging careful, kind treatment of cows as part of disciplined, compassionate living.