Shloka 21
धन-राजधर्म संवादः
Discourse on Wealth and Royal Duty
Devanagari script
धर्म: कामश्न स्वर्गश्न हर्ष: क्रोध: श्रुतं दम: । अथदितानि सर्वाणि प्रवर्तन्ते नराधिप
Translation
O king, by wealth the practice of dharma is upheld, desires are fulfilled, heaven is attained, joy is increased, wrath achieves its ends, the scriptures are heard and studied, and enemies are subdued—by wealth all these works are accomplished.
Word by Word
धर्मःdharma, righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कामःdesire, pleasure
कामः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वर्गःheaven
स्वर्गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हर्षःjoy, delight
हर्षः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहर्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्रोधःanger
क्रोधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्रोध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रुतम्learning; what is heard (scriptural study)
श्रुतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दमःrestraint; subduing (control)
दमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एतानिthese
एतानि:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
सर्वाणिall
सर्वाणि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
प्रवर्तन्तेproceed; come into operation; are set in motion
प्रवर्तन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√वृत्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
नराधिपO king (lord of men)
नराधिप:
TypeNoun
Rootनराधिप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नरेश्वरO king (lord of men)
नरेश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootनरेश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
अर्जुन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes