Shloka 2
अध्याय ७२ — राजधर्मः: प्रजारक्षण, कर-नीति, दण्ड-नीति, अमात्य-नियोजन
Chapter 72 — Royal Duty: protection of subjects, taxation, punishment, and appointments
Devanagari script
भीष्म उवाच समासेनैव ते राजन् धर्मान् वक्ष्यामि शाश्वतान् | विस्तरेणैव धर्माणां न जात्वन्तमवाप्नुयात्
Translation
Bhīṣma said: “O king, I shall tell you, in brief, the eternal duties of kingship. If I were to begin describing dharma in full detail, it would never come to an end.”
Word by Word
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
समासेनbriefly, in summary
समासेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसमास
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Dative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
धर्मान्duties, dharmas
धर्मान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वक्ष्यामिI shall tell
वक्ष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), 1st, Singular
शाश्वतान्eternal, perennial
शाश्वतान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootशाश्वत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विस्तरेणin detail, at length
विस्तरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविस्तर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
धर्माणाम्of the dharmas
धर्माणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
जातुever, at any time
जातु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootजातु
अन्तम्end, limit
अन्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अवाप्नुयात्would attain, could reach
अवाप्नुयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootआप्
FormOptative (Vidhi-liṅ), 3rd, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes