Shloka 91
Daṇḍanīti and the King as the Cause of Yuga-Order (दण्डनीतिः राजधर्मश्च युगकारणत्वम्)
दण्डनीतिं परित्यज्य यदा कार्त्स्न्येन भूमिप: । प्रजा: क्लिश्षात्ययोगेन प्रवर्तेत तदा कलि:
daṇḍanītiṁ parityajya yadā kārtsnyena bhūmipaḥ | prajāḥ kliśyāty-ayogena pravarteta tadā kaliḥ ||
Bhīṣma said: When a king wholly abandons the science of punishment and governance (daṇḍanīti) and, by unfit and improper means, begins to afflict his subjects, then Kali arises—marking the onset of moral and social decline. The verse frames just rule as an ethical duty: neglect of disciplined governance becomes the doorway through which disorder and suffering enter the realm.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
A ruler’s dharma includes maintaining daṇḍanīti—just, disciplined governance. When a king abandons it and harms people through unfit policies, societal decay (Kali) begins.
In Śānti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhīṣma warns Yudhiṣṭhira that misrule—especially the total neglect of lawful governance—creates the conditions identified as the rise of Kali.