Shloka 76
Daṇḍanīti and the King as the Cause of Yuga-Order (दण्डनीतिः राजधर्मश्च युगकारणत्वम्)
दण्डनीति: स्वथर्मेभ्यश्चातुर्वर्ण्य नियच्छति । प्रयुक्ता स्वामिना सम्यगधर्मेभ्यो नियच्छति
daṇḍanītiḥ svadharmebhyaś cāturvarṇyaṃ niyacchati | prayuktā svāminā samyag adharmebhyo niyacchati ||
Bhīṣma said: “The science of punishment and governance restrains the four social orders from straying away from their own duties. When rightly applied by the ruler, it also checks them from falling into unrighteous conduct.”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Daṇḍanīti—punitive and administrative governance—functions as a moral regulator: it keeps society aligned with svadharma and prevents descent into adharma, provided the ruler applies it correctly and proportionately.
In Śānti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhīṣma is teaching Yudhiṣṭhira about the necessity of disciplined governance: the king’s proper use of punishment and law maintains social order and curbs wrongdoing.