Shloka 21
Daṇḍanīti and the King as the Cause of Yuga-Order (दण्डनीतिः राजधर्मश्च युगकारणत्वम्)
न च वश्यो भवेदस्य नृपो यश्चातिवीर्यवान् | हीनश्न बलवीर्याभ्यां कर्षयंस्तत्परो वसेत्
na ca vaśyo bhaved asya nṛpo yaś cātivīryavān | hīnaś ca balavīryābhyāṁ karṣayaṁs tatparo vaset ||
Bhishma said: A king who is weak in strength and martial power should not become the submissive dependent of a ruler who is exceedingly mighty. Instead, intent on his own security, he should persist in quietly wearing down that powerful enemy through concealed, patient measures rather than open confrontation.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma teaches pragmatic statecraft: a weaker king should not accept humiliating subservience to an overwhelmingly powerful ruler; instead he should preserve autonomy and patiently weaken the adversary through discreet, strategic means rather than direct confrontation.
In Shanti Parva’s instruction on governance and policy, Bhishma advises the listener on how a king should respond when facing a far stronger rival—counseling caution, concealment, and long-term strategy over open submission or reckless battle.