Shloka 21
Cāturāśramya-dharma—Marks of the Four Āśramas (चातुराश्रम्यधर्मः)
Devanagari script
दक्षिणा सर्वयज्ञानां दातव्या भूतिमिच्छता । पाकयज्ञा महाहश्न दातव्या: सर्वदस्युभि:
Translation
Indra said: “He who seeks welfare should perform sacrifices of every kind and bestow ample dakṣiṇā upon the Brahmins. All those who live by plunder too should undertake the costly pākayajñas and provide wealth for their due performance.”
Word by Word
दक्षिणाfee/gift (dakṣiṇā)
दक्षिणा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदक्षिणा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वयज्ञानाम्of all sacrifices
सर्वयज्ञानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व-यज्ञ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
दातव्याshould be given
दातव्या:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular, Gerundive (तव्यत्), passive obligation
भूतिम्prosperity/welfare
भूतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इच्छताby (one) desiring
इच्छता:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular, Present active participle (शतृ)
पाकयज्ञाःpākayajñas (domestic/household sacrifices)
पाकयज्ञाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाक-यज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महाहवाःgreat/large-scale (lit. having great oblations/calls)
महाहवाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाहव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दातव्याःshould be given / should be performed (as obligatory)
दातव्याः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Gerundive (तव्यत्), passive obligation
सर्वदस्युभिःby all dās(y)us / by all people of the dāsyu class
सर्वदस्युभिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व-दस्यु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
Speaker
इन्द्र उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes