Shloka 160
Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)
यश्न राजा महोत्साह: क्षत्रधर्मे रतो भवेत् | स तुष्येद् दशभागेन ततस्त्वन्यो दशावरै:
yaśn rājā mahotsāhaḥ kṣatradharme rato bhavet | sa tuṣyed daśabhāgena tatas tv anyo daśāvaraiḥ ||
Bhishma said: A king who is greatly energetic and devoted to the kṣatriya code should be content with taking a tenth part of the people’s income as tax. Other, ordinary rulers—unlike such a great king—should be satisfied with even less than a tenth. The ethical point is restraint in taxation: royal power is justified only when it protects and upholds dharma, and therefore it must not burden the subjects beyond measure.
भीष्य उवाच
Educational Q&A
A ruler must practice restraint in taxation: even a capable, dharma-abiding king should be content with a tenth share, and lesser rulers should take still less. Legitimate kingship is tied to protection and dharma, not extraction.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on proper governance, specifically setting a moral limit on how much revenue a king should take from his subjects.