Shloka 156
Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)
बल॑ कोशममात्यांश्व॒ कस्यैतानि न वा नूप । नरेश्वरर आप जो इस नगरको, राष्ट्रको, सेनाको तथा कोष और मन्त्रियोंको भी “ये सब मेरे हैं' ऐसा कहते हुए अपना मानते हैं, वह आपका भ्रम ही है। मैं पूछती हूँ, ये सब किसके हैं और किसके नहीं हैं? ।।
balaṁ kośam amātyāṁś ca kasyaitāni na vā nṛpa | mitrāmātyapuraṁ rāṣṭraṁ daṇḍaḥ kośo mahīpatiḥ ||
Bhīṣma said: “O king, strength, the treasury, and the ministers—whose are these, and whose are they not? When a ruler claims of a city, a realm, an army, the treasury, and the counsellors, ‘All this is mine,’ that sense of possession is delusion. Tell me: to whom do these truly belong, and to whom do they not? Friend/allies, ministers, the city, the kingdom, coercive power (punishment), the treasury, and the king—these are spoken of as the seven limbs of sovereignty. Rule stands only by the mutual support of these limbs; therefore, the wise do not cling to ownership, but uphold dharma through right governance.”
भीष्य उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhīṣma challenges the king’s sense of possessive ownership over the apparatus of rule. Power is constituted by interdependent ‘limbs’—allies, ministers, city, realm, coercive authority, treasury, and the king—so a ruler should govern as a trustee under dharma rather than as an owner driven by delusion.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on kingship, Bhīṣma addresses the king and reframes the nature of sovereignty: the state is not a personal possession but a system of mutually supporting elements. He uses this to guide ethical governance and restraint in royal conduct.