Shloka 41
Jarā-Mṛtyu-anatikrama: Janaka–Pañcaśikha-saṃvāda
Aging and Death Cannot Be Overstepped
Devanagari script
अव्यक्तं व्यक्तधर्माणं सगुणं निर्गुणं तथा । निर्गुणं प्रथमं दृष्टवा तादृगू भवति मैथिल
Translation
Vasiṣṭha said: “O king of Mithilā! Having beheld the Unmanifest (Avyakta—Prakṛti), the Manifest (Vyakta—Mahat-tattva and the rest), the guṇa-bound order (saguṇa—the material class), the guṇa-free Self (nirguṇa), and above all having directly realized the primordial Nirguṇa—Paramātman—one becomes of that very nature.”
Word by Word
अव्यक्तम्the unmanifest
अव्यक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यक्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
व्यक्तधर्माणम्having manifest characteristics
व्यक्तधर्माणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यक्तधर्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सगुणम्with qualities (saguṇa)
सगुणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसगुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निर्गुणम्without qualities (nirguṇa)
निर्गुणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्गुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाand also; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
निर्गुणम्the quality-less (supreme)
निर्गुणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्गुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रथमम्the first; primordial
प्रथमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen; realizing
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
तादृक्such; of that kind
तादृक्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतादृश्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिbecomes
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
मैथिलO Maithila (king of Mithilā)
मैथिल:
TypeNoun
Rootमैथिल
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
वसिष्ठ उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes