Shloka 2
Jarā-Mṛtyu-anatikrama: Janaka–Pañcaśikha-saṃvāda
Aging and Death Cannot Be Overstepped
अविद्यामाहुरव्यक्तं सर्गप्रलयधर्मि वै । सर्गप्रलयनिर्मुक्तां विद्यां वै पडचविंशक:
Vasiṣṭha uvāca: avidyām āhur avyaktam sarga-pralaya-dharmi vai | sarga-pralaya-nirmuktāṁ vidyāṁ vai pañcaviṁśakam ||
Vasiṣṭha said: The sages call the unmanifest (prakṛti), which functions through creation and dissolution, “ignorance.” But that which is free from creation and dissolution—the twenty-fifth principle, the Supreme Person, the Supreme Self beyond the twenty-four tattvas—is called “knowledge.”
वसिष्ठ उवाच
Educational Q&A
Ignorance is identification with the unmanifest prakṛti that undergoes creation and dissolution; true knowledge is recognition of the twenty-fifth principle—the Puruṣa/Paramātman—transcending the changing cycle of sarga and pralaya.
In a didactic discourse within Śānti Parva, Vasiṣṭha instructs by defining ‘avidyā’ and ‘vidyā’ in Sāṅkhya terms, contrasting the changeful cosmic principle (avyakta/prakṛti) with the changeless Supreme Self beyond the twenty-four tattvas.