Shloka 53
अव्यक्त-गुण-पुरुषविवेकः | Avyakta, Guṇas, and Discrimination of Puruṣa
अतपास्तप आत्मानमगतिग्गतिमात्मन: । अभवो भवमात्मानमभयो भयमात्मन:
atapās tapa ātmānam agatiṁ gatim ātmanaḥ | abhavo bhavam ātmānam abhayo bhayam ātmanaḥ ||
Vasiṣṭha said: “Though he performs no austerity, he imagines himself an ascetic; though he does not truly move anywhere, he fancies himself a traveler. Though free from worldly becoming, he takes himself to be bound to the world; though fearless, he believes himself afraid. The teaching points to the mind’s power to misidentify the Self—projecting qualities that do not belong to it—and thus creating needless bondage and suffering through false self-conceptions.”
वसिष्ठ उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches that bondage often arises from misidentification: the mind attributes to the Self qualities it does not possess (austerity/non-austerity, motion/non-motion, worldly becoming/non-becoming, fearlessness/fear). Ethical clarity and liberation begin by seeing through these false self-notions.
Vasiṣṭha is instructing his listener in a reflective, renunciatory discourse typical of the Śānti Parva: he diagnoses the inner error by which a person superimposes contradictory states upon the Self, thereby sustaining confusion and suffering.