Shloka 51
अव्यक्त-गुण-पुरुषविवेकः | Avyakta, Guṇas, and Discrimination of Puruṣa
अलिड़्ो लिड्रमात्मानमकाल: कालमात्मन: | असत्त्वं सत्त्वमात्मानमतत्त्वं तत््वमात्मन:
aliḍo liḍram ātmānam akālaḥ kālam ātmanaḥ | asattvaṃ sattvam ātmānam atattvaṃ tattvam ātmanaḥ ||
Vasiṣṭha said: “Though in truth unmarked by the subtle body, the Self imagines itself to be marked by it. Though timeless, it takes itself to be bound by time and death. Though beyond the guṇas, it fancies itself as constituted of sattva; and though devoid of the gross elements and other principles, it mistakes itself for a ‘tattva’ among tattvas. Thus, through misapprehension, the pure Self is taken to be what it is not.”
वसिष्ठ उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches that bondage is a cognitive error: the timeless, attributeless Self is falsely identified with the subtle body, time/death, the guṇas (like sattva), and the material principles (tattvas). Liberation follows from correcting this misidentification through discernment.
In Śānti Parva’s mokṣa-oriented instruction, Vasiṣṭha is explaining to his listener how the Self is misconstrued as embodied and perishable. He lists common superimpositions—subtle body, mortality, guṇas, and elements—to show the mechanism of delusion and the need for discriminative knowledge.