Shloka 14
Adhyāya 270 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s inquiry on saṃnyāsa; Bhīṣma on calculable time, tamas, and karma
Vṛtra–Uśanā exemplum begins
Devanagari script
शमेन तपसा चैव भक््त्या च निरुपस्कृत: । शुद्धात्मा ब्राह्मणो रात्रौ निदर्शनमपश्यत
Translation
That brāhmaṇa, endowed with serenity, austerity, and devotion—free from indulgence and pure in soul—beheld in the night a vision by which he came to know the true measure of his devotion to Kuṇḍadhāra.
Word by Word
शमेनby tranquility/self-control
शमेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
भक्त्याby devotion
भक्त्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभक्ति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
निरुपस्कृतःunadorned; without possessions/means
निरुपस्कृतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिरुपस्कृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शुद्धात्माpure-souled; of purified mind
शुद्धात्मा:
TypeAdjective
Rootशुद्धात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्राह्मणःthe Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रात्रौat night
रात्रौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
निदर्शनम्a vision; an illustration/sign
निदर्शनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिदर्शन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अपश्यत्saw
अपश्यत्:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes