Shloka 23
Adhyāya 249 — Mṛtyu-prādurbhāvaḥ (The Manifestation of Death) / Restraint of Tejas and Ordered Saṃhāra
Devanagari script
नैतज्ज्ञात्वा पुमान् स्त्री वा पुनर्भवमवाप्तुते । अभवप्रतिपत्त्यर्थमेतद् धर्म विधीयते
Transliteration
vyāsa uvāca | na etaj jñātvā pumān strī vā punarbhavam avāptute | abhava-pratipatti-artham etad dharma vidhīyate |
Translation
Vyāsa said: Whether a man or a woman, one who truly knows this (Brahman) does not attain rebirth again. This discipline called dharma is prescribed precisely for realizing the state of non-becoming—freedom from further worldly existence.
Word by Word
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
एतत्this (truth/teaching)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), active
पुमान्a man
पुमान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुमांस्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
स्त्रीa woman
स्त्री:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
भवम्becoming; worldly existence (rebirth)
भवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभव
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
अवाप्तुतेattains/obtains
अवाप्तुते:
TypeVerb
Rootआप् (अव-आप्)
FormLat (present), Ātmanepada, 3rd, singular
अभवof non-becoming (non-rebirth)
अभव:
TypeNoun
Rootअ-भव
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
प्रतिपत्तिfor attainment/realization
प्रतिपत्ति:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिपत्ति
Formfeminine, dative, singular
अर्थम्for the sake/purpose
अर्थम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
धर्मःdharma; teaching/discipline
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
विधीयतेis prescribed/ordained
विधीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootधा (वि-धा)
FormLat (present), Ātmanepada, 3rd, singular, passive
Speaker
व्यास उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
VyāsaB
Brahman (implied by 'etat')M
man (pumān)W
woman (strī)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes