Shloka 15
Adhyāya 249 — Mṛtyu-prādurbhāvaḥ (The Manifestation of Death) / Restraint of Tejas and Ordered Saṃhāra
संसारसागरगमां योनिपातालदुस्तराम् | आत्मकर्मोद्धवां तात जिद्नावर्ता दुरासदाम्
saṃsārasāgaragamāṃ yonipātāladustarām | ātmakarmoddhavāṃ tāta jihvāvartāṃ durāsadām ||
Vyāsa said: “Dear one, this current of worldly existence is like a dreadful river flowing through all the worlds, emptying into the ocean of saṃsāra. Its source is hard to trace, its depths are like an underworld, and it is exceedingly difficult to cross. It is born of one’s own actions; its whirlpool is the tongue (craving and taste), and it is perilous to approach. Only with purified understanding and self-mastery can a person ford this river and reach safety.”
व्यास उवाच
Educational Q&A
Worldly bondage is self-created through one’s own karma and cravings; sense-driven appetite (symbolized by the tongue) becomes a whirlpool that drags one back into saṃsāra. The remedy implied is purification of intellect, restraint, and disciplined living aimed at liberation.
In Śānti Parva’s instruction-oriented setting, Vyāsa addresses a listener affectionately (“tāta”) and teaches through a vivid allegory: saṃsāra is a terrifying river leading into the ocean of continued existence, difficult to cross because of inner forces like craving and habit.