Shloka 31
अध्यात्म-तत्त्व-निर्णयः
Adhyātma Taxonomy: Elements, Faculties, and Guṇas
अक्षरं च क्षरं चैव द्वैधीभावो5यमात्मन: । क्षर: सर्वेषु भूतेषु दिव्यं तमृतमक्षरम्
akṣaraṃ ca kṣaraṃ caiva dvaidhībhāvo ’yam ātmanaḥ | kṣaraḥ sarveṣu bhūteṣu divyaṃ tad amṛtam akṣaram ||
Vyāsa explains that the Self is spoken of in a twofold way: as the perishable and as the imperishable. In all beings it appears as the perishable—subject to change and dissolution—yet the divine, deathless reality within is the imperishable, the enduring truth that does not decay. The teaching directs the listener to discern the transient aspect of embodied existence from the eternal principle that grounds ethical steadiness and inner freedom.
व्यास उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches discernment between two aspects attributed to the Self: the perishable manifestation seen in embodied existence and the imperishable, deathless reality that is divine and unchanging. Ethical steadiness arises from anchoring one’s identity in the imperishable rather than the transient.
In the didactic setting of Śānti Parva, Vyāsa is presenting a philosophical clarification to guide the listener toward peace: he frames the Self in a twofold description—mutable in its worldly appearance across beings, yet truly immortal and imperishable in its essential nature.