Shloka 15

दमप्रशंसा — Praise of Self-Restraint

Dama

Devanagari script

कर्मणा बीजभूतेन चोद्यते यद्‌ यदिन्द्रियम्‌ । जायते तदहड्कारादू रागयुक्तेन चेतसा

Transliteration

karmaṇā bījabhūtena codyate yad yad indriyam | jāyate tad ahaṅkārād rāgayuktena cetasā ||

Translation

Bhīṣma said: Whatever sense-faculty is impelled into activity by karma that has become the seed, that very faculty comes to manifestation through egoism (ahaṃkāra), when the mind is joined to attachment. In this way, embodied experience is shaped: past action provides the causal seed, while the self-notion and craving-driven mind bring forth the particular modes of perception and engagement.

Word by Word

• कर्मणा: by/through action (karma)
• कर्मणा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• बीजभूतेन: having become (serving as) a seed
• बीजभूतेन: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बीजभूत
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• उद्यते: is impelled/urged
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद् + यम्
• Form: Present, Indicative, Passive, Third, Singular

• यत्: which/whatever
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• यत्: which/whatever
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• इन्द्रियम्: sense-organ/faculty
• इन्द्रियम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्रिय
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• जायते: is born/arises
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन्
• Form: Present, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular

• तत्: that
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• अहङ्कारात्: from egoism (ahaṅkāra)
• अहङ्कारात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहङ्कार
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• रागयुक्तेन: with a mind joined to attachment
• रागयुक्तेन: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रागयुक्त
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• चेतसा: by the mind
• चेतसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: चेतस्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma