Shloka 4
Ākiṃcanya–Tyāga Upadeśa
The Instruction on Non-ownership and Renunciation
Devanagari script
स कथंचिद् भयात् तस्माद् विमुक्तो ब्राह्मणस्तथा । कांदिग्भूतो जीवितार्थी प्रदुद्रावोत्तरां दिशम्
Translation
The brahmin Gautama somehow escaped that terror; yet in his panic he could not decide which direction to take. Seeking only to save his life, he fled toward the north.
Word by Word
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथंचित्somehow
कथंचित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् + चित्
भयात्from fear
भयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
तस्मात्from that (danger/one)
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
विमुक्तःfreed, released
विमुक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि + मुच् (क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्राह्मणःthe Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
कान्दिग्भूतःconfused about directions, bewildered
कान्दिग्भूतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकान्दिग्भूत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जीवितार्थीseeking life (to save his life)
जीवितार्थी:
TypeAdjective
Rootजीवित + अर्थिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रदुद्रावran forth, fled
प्रदुद्राव:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + द्रु (लिट्)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
उत्तराम्northern
उत्तराम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तर
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
दिशम्direction
दिशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes