Shloka 8
बक-गौतमाख्यानम् / The Baka–Gautama Account
On Gratitude and Friendship Ethics
ततस्तस्योत्तरं वाक््यं स्वरवर्णोपपादितम् । शिक्षया चोपपन्नाय द्रोणशिष्याय भारत
tatas tasyottaraṃ vākyaṃ svaravarṇopapāditam | śikṣayā copapannāya droṇaśiṣyāya bhārata vaiśampāyana uvāca—bharatanandana janamejaya buddhimān mādrīputro nakulasya sā vāk kauśalayuktā to thā hī sūkṣmā tathā vicitrārthena ca sampannā | tāṃ śrutvā bāṇaśayyāyāṃ śayānaḥ dhanurvedapāragaḥ vidvān dharmajño bhīṣmaḥ śikṣāprāptaṃ mahāmanasvinaṃ droṇaśiṣyaṃ nakulaṃ sundara-svara-varṇayuktayā vāṇyā evam uttaraṃ prārabhata |
Vaiśampāyana said: Then, in reply to him, words were spoken with well-formed tones and syllables. O Bhārata, addressed to Droṇa’s disciple who was trained in śikṣā—correct recitation and articulation—this was the response. O delight of the Bharatas, Janamejaya: the wise Nakula, son of Mādrī, had spoken with skill; his statement was also subtle and rich with varied meaning. Hearing it, Bhīṣma—lying on his bed of arrows, a master of the science of archery and a knower of dharma—began to answer Nakula, Droṇa’s disciple of great mind, in speech adorned with pleasing intonation and clear phonemes.
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse foregrounds the ethical value of disciplined speech and learning: a statement that is skillful, subtle, and meaning-rich—delivered with proper phonetic training (śikṣā), clear sounds (varṇa), and correct intonation (svara)—is worthy of serious dharmic response. It frames dharma-instruction as requiring both inner wisdom and outer clarity of expression.
Nakula, described as wise and trained under Droṇa, has spoken a nuanced and well-articulated statement. Bhīṣma, lying on the bed of arrows and renowned as both a master of archery and a knower of dharma, hears Nakula’s words and begins his reply. Vaiśampāyana narrates this to King Janamejaya.