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Shloka 3

बक-गौतमाख्यानम् / The Baka–Gautama Account

On Gratitude and Friendship Ethics

विशीर्णे कार्मुके राजन्‌ प्रक्षीणेषु च वाजिषु । खड्गेन शक्‍्यते युद्धे साध्वात्मा परिरक्षितुम्‌

viśīrṇe kārmuke rājan prakṣīṇeṣu ca vājiṣu | khaḍgena śakyate yuddhe sādhv-ātmā parirakṣitum, rājan ||

Nakula said: “O King, even when the bow is shattered and the horses are spent, a disciplined man can still protect himself well in battle by means of the sword.”

विशीर्णेwhen (it is) broken
विशीर्णे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootविशीर्ण (वि-√शॄ/शॄण्, past participle sense: broken, shattered)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
कार्मुकेin the bow
कार्मुके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकार्मुक
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रक्षीणेषुwhen (they are) destroyed/exhausted
प्रक्षीणेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रक्षीण (प्र-√क्षि, past participle sense: exhausted, destroyed)
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वाजिषुamong the horses
वाजिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवाजिन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
खड्गेनwith a sword
खड्गेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootखड्ग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
शक्यतेit is possible
शक्यते:
TypeVerb
Root√शक्
FormPresent, Passive (Karmani), 3rd, Singular
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
साधुwell, properly
साधु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाधु
आत्माoneself / the body
आत्मा:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परिरक्षितुम्to protect completely
परिरक्षितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-√रक्ष्
FormInfinitive (Tumun)
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

नकुल उवाच

N
Nakula
K
King (rājan)
B
bow (kārmuka)
H
horses (vājin)
S
sword (khaḍga)
B
battle (yuddha)

Educational Q&A

Even when primary resources fail (a broken bow and exhausted horses), one should not collapse into helplessness; with steadiness of character and presence of mind, one can still defend oneself using what remains (here, the sword).

Nakula addresses a king and offers a battlefield maxim: loss of key equipment does not end one’s capacity to act; a capable, disciplined warrior can continue to protect himself in combat with a sword.