Shloka 16
कपोत-लुब्धकसंवादः — Hunter’s Remorse and Renunciatory Resolve
Devanagari script
तान् विद्यावणिजो विद्धि राक्षसानिव भारत । व्याजेन सद्धिर्विहितो धर्मस्ते परिहास्यति
Translation
O descendant of Bharata, know them to be merchants of learning, like rākṣasas—treacherous to others. By their evasions and pretexts, the dharma established and practiced by the good will be made a mockery and brought to ruin.
Word by Word
तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विद्या-वणिजःtraders in learning (those who sell knowledge)
विद्या-वणिजः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविद्यावणिज् (विद्या + वणिज्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विद्धिknow (you should know)
विद्धि:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
राक्षसान्demons
राक्षसान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराक्षस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun (Vocative)
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
व्याजेनby a pretext, through deceit
व्याजेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootव्याज
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सत्भिःby the good (virtuous people)
सत्भिः:
Karana
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
विहितःordained, prescribed
विहितः:
TypeParticiple
Rootवि-धा (धातु: धा) → विहित (क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (past participle)
धर्मःdharma, righteous conduct
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेyour
ते:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
परिहास्यतिwill mock / will make a laughing-stock of
परिहास्यति:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-हस्
FormFuture, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
भरत-नन्दनO delight of Bharata (descendant of Bharata)
भरत-नन्दन:
TypeNoun (Vocative)
Rootभरतनन्दन (भरत + नन्दन)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes