Shloka 121
Daṇḍotpatti-kathana (Origin and Function of Daṇḍa) — वसुहोम–मान्धातृ संवाद
“माता, पिता, भाई, स्त्री तथा पुरोहित कोई भी क्यों न हो, जो अपने धर्ममें स्थिर नहीं रहता, उसे राजा अवश्य दण्ड दे, राजाके लिये कोई भी अदण्डनीय नहीं है” ।।
mātā pitā bhrātā strī tathā purohito yo 'pi syāt, yaḥ svadharme na tiṣṭhati taṁ rājāvaśyaṁ daṇḍayet; rājñaḥ kṛte na kaścid adaṇḍanīyaḥ.
Bhīṣma said: “Whether it be one’s mother, father, brother, wife, or even the family priest—whoever does not remain steadfast in their own dharma should certainly be punished by the king. For the sake of justice, no one is beyond the king’s power to punish.” Thus, in the Mahābhārata’s Śānti Parva, within the Rājadharmānuśāsana Parva, ends the one hundred and twenty-first chapter, describing the nature of punishment (daṇḍa).
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The king’s duty of punishment (daṇḍa) must be impartial: even close relatives and respected figures like a priest are not exempt if they deviate from dharma. Justice is presented as a public obligation that overrides private attachment.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on royal duties (rājadharma), Bhishma is advising Yudhishthira about governance. Here he emphasizes that maintaining social and moral order requires the ruler to discipline wrongdoing without favoritism.