Shloka 193
अर्थस्य रक्षणार्थाय परेषां धर्मकारणात् | परंतु प्राण-संकटके समय, विवाहके अवसरपर, दूसरेके धनकी रक्षाके लिये तथा धर्मकी रक्षाके लिये असत्य बोला जा सकता है
arthasya rakṣaṇārthāya pareṣāṃ dharma-kāraṇāt | parantu prāṇa-saṅkaṭake samaye vivāha-ke avasarapar dvitīyasya dhanasya rakṣā-kṛte tathā dharmasya rakṣā-kṛte asatyaṃ vaktuṃ śakyate |
Bhishma teaches that truthfulness is a primary duty, yet dharma also recognizes rare, constrained exceptions. When the protection of wealth is required for a rightful purpose, when another person’s welfare grounded in dharma is at stake, and especially in moments of mortal danger, at the time of marriage, or when safeguarding another’s property and the integrity of dharma itself, speaking an untruth may be permitted. The ethical point is not license to deceive, but a narrowly framed allowance where preserving life and dharma outweighs literal truth.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Truth is a major dharma, but dharma is also contextual: in exceptional situations—especially to protect life, preserve another’s rightful property, or safeguard dharma itself—speaking an untruth may be allowed. The permission is narrow and purpose-bound, not a general approval of deception.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma is advising Yudhishthira on ethical decision-making. He explains how competing duties can arise and how, in rare cases, the higher aim of protecting life and dharma can override strict literal truth-telling.