Shloka 43
मृदु-तीक्ष्ण-नीति तथा दुष्टलक्षण-विज्ञानम्
Measured Policy and the Recognition of Malicious Disposition
प्रदाय गूढानि वसूनि राजन् प्रच्छिद्य भोगानवधाय च स्वान् | दुष्टान् स्वदोषैरिति कीर्तयित्वा पुरेषु राष्ट्रषु च योजयन्ति
pradāya gūḍhāni vasūni rājan pracchidya bhogān avadhāya ca svān | duṣṭān svadoṣair iti kīrtayitvā pureṣu rāṣṭreṣu ca yojayanti devarāja |
Bhishma said: “O king, a ruler may secretly provide hidden wealth, while outwardly cutting off a man’s enjoyments and confiscating his means of pleasure, even seeming to cast off his own associates. Then, proclaiming, ‘These men have been tainted by their own faults; therefore I have expelled these wicked persons from the kingdom—they have gone to another land,’ he assigns them to the cities and realms of the enemy to gather intelligence and open breaches. Thus, on the surface he seizes their enjoyments, but in secret he supplies them with ample funds and attaches a few other trusted people to support the mission.”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma describes a pragmatic tool of rāja-dharma: a king may use controlled public narrative and secret patronage to deploy agents in hostile territories. The method relies on outward disavowal (to make the agents credible as ‘exiles’) while secretly funding and supporting them, prioritizing the kingdom’s security through intelligence-gathering.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on governance, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira about covert operations. The king publicly brands certain men as दोष-दूषित (fault-tainted) and expels them, confiscating their comforts, but privately gives them hidden wealth and helpers, then places them in enemy cities and kingdoms to penetrate defenses and collect information.