Shloka 12
मृदु-तीक्ष्ण-नीति तथा दुष्टलक्षण-विज्ञानम्
Measured Policy and the Recognition of Malicious Disposition
Devanagari script
न नित्यं परिभूयारीन् सुखं स्वपिति वासव । जागर्त्येव हि दुष्टात्मा संकरेडग्निरिवोत्थित:
Translation
Bhishma said: “O Vasava (Indra), he who constantly scorns his enemies cannot sleep in ease. That ill-minded king remains ever wakeful, like a fire that flares up amid bamboo and dry grass, crackling as it rises.”
Word by Word
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
नित्यम्always, constantly
नित्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootनित्य
FormNeuter, Accusative (used adverbially), Singular
परिभूयhaving insulted/overpowered
परिभूय:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-भू
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active
अरीन्enemies
अरीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअरि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सुखम्happily, in comfort
सुखम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Accusative (used adverbially), Singular
स्वपितिsleeps
स्वपिति:
TypeVerb
Rootस्वप्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वासवO Vāsava (Indra)
वासव:
TypeNoun
Rootवासव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
जागर्तिkeeps awake, is awake
जागर्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootजागृ
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
हिfor, indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
दुष्टात्माthe wicked-souled man
दुष्टात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुष्टात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
संकरेin a thicket/heap (of dry fuel)
संकरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंकर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अग्निःfire
अग्निः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
उत्थितःarisen, kindled, sprung up
उत्थितः:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-स्था
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes