Shloka 25
उपायधर्म-सेनायोगः
Upāya-dharma and Senāyoga: Expedient Ethics & Army Deployment
Devanagari script
पदातिनागबहुला प्रावृट्काले प्रशस्यते । गुणानेतान् प्रसंख्याय देशकालौ प्रयोजयेत्
Translation
Bhishma said: In the rainy season, that army is deemed the best in which infantry and elephant-warriors are numerous. Having weighed these advantages, one should conduct and deploy the army with due regard to place and time.
Word by Word
पदाति-नाग-बहुलाabounding in infantry and elephants
पदाति-नाग-बहुला:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपदाति + नाग + बहुल
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रावृट्-कालेin the rainy season
प्रावृट्-काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रावृट् + काल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रशस्यतेis praised / is considered excellent
प्रशस्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootशंस्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive
गुणान्qualities
गुणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
एतान्these
एतान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रसंख्यायhaving counted / having considered
प्रसंख्याय:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् + ख्या
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), ल्यप्
देश-कालौplace and time
देश-कालौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेश + काल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
प्रयोजयेत्should apply / should employ
प्रयोजयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + युज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes