Shloka 103
रणभूमिवर्णनम् — Devāsuropama-yuddha and the ‘River’ Metaphor of the Battlefield
Devanagari script
मद्रराजं पुरस्कृत्य तूर्णमभ्यद्रवन् परान् । “आज आचार्यपुत्र अश्वत्थामा शत्रुओंके साथ अकेले युद्ध न करें। हम सब लोगोंको एक साथ होकर एक-दूसरेकी रक्षा करते हुए युद्ध करना चाहिये। ऐसा नियम बनाकर वे सब महारथी मद्रराज शल्यको आगे करके तुरंत ही शत्रुओंपर टूट पड़े
Translation
Placing Śalya, the king of Madra, at their head, they swiftly charged the foe. They laid down this rule: “Today Aśvatthāmā, the preceptor’s son, must not fight the enemies alone. All of us should battle together, guarding one another.” Having thus agreed, those great chariot-warriors, with Śalya in front, at once fell upon the enemy.
Word by Word
मद्रराजम्the king of Madra (Shalya)
मद्रराजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रराज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुरस्कृत्यhaving put (him) in front
पुरस्कृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootपुरस्-कृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), having placed in front / having put at the fore
तूर्णम्quickly
तूर्णम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूर्ण
अभ्यद्रवन्they rushed/ran towards
अभ्यद्रवन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-द्रु
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
परान्the others; the enemies
परान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes