Shloka 4
Plakṣaprasravaṇa–Kārapacana tīrtha-varṇana and Nārada’s war briefing (Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 53)
Devanagari script
ऋषय ऊचु: पुरा किल कुरुं राम कर्षन्तं सततोत्थितम् | अभ्येत्य शक्रस्त्रिदिवात् पर्यपूच्छत कारणम्
Translation
The sages said: “O Rama, it is told that long ago Kuru—ever risen and ready for every auspicious deed—was ploughing this field. Then Indra came down from heaven and asked the reason.”
Word by Word
ऋषयःsages
ऋषयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ऊचुःsaid
ऊचुः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha/Periphrastic sense: said), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
पुराformerly, in olden times
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
किलindeed, it is said
किल:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिल
कुरुम्Kuru (the person named Kuru)
कुरुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रामO Rama
राम:
TypeNoun
Rootराम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कर्षन्तम्ploughing, dragging
कर्षन्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृष्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
सततconstantly
सतत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसतत
उत्थितम्risen/ready/engaged (having arisen)
उत्थितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-स्था
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
अभ्येत्यhaving come near, approaching
अभ्येत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-इ
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय), Active
शक्रःShakra (Indra)
शक्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशक्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रिदिवात्from heaven
त्रिदिवात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिदिव
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
पर्यपूच्छतasked (inquired) thoroughly
पर्यपूच्छत:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-प्रच्छ्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कारणम्the reason, cause
कारणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकारण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
Speaker
राम उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes