Shloka 1
अध्याय ४ — दुर्योधनस्य असंधि-निश्चयः
Duryodhana’s Refusal of Reconciliation
नआऔका-<> 7 जल चतुथों5 ध्याय: कृपाचार्यका दुर्योधनको संधिके लिये समझाना संजय उवाच पतितान् रथनीडांश्व रथांश्वापि महात्मनाम् रणे च निहतान् नागान् दृष्टवा पत्तींश्ष मारिष
sañjaya uvāca | patitān rathanīḍāṁś ca rathāṁś cāpi mahātmanām | raṇe ca nihatān nāgān dṛṣṭvā pattīṁś ca māriṣa ||
Sañjaya said: “O venerable king, seeing on the battlefield the fallen chariots and their platforms of great-souled warriors, and seeing elephants and foot-soldiers slain in the fight, the scene appeared dreadful—like a cremation-ground, as if it were Rudra’s playground. Beholding this devastation, Duryodhana’s heart sank into grief and he turned away from the war; and when the armies, terrified by Arjuna’s prowess, became deeply shaken and anxious, Kṛpa—mature in years, noble in disposition, and skilled in counsel—was moved by compassion. Approaching Duryodhana in his dejection, he began to speak to him.”
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse frames an ethical moment in war: amid mass death and despair, a wise elder (Kṛpa) responds not with rage but with compassion and counsel. It highlights the dharmic role of mature guidance—steadying a leader whose mind is overwhelmed by grief and fear.
Sañjaya describes the battlefield strewn with broken chariots, dead elephants, and fallen infantry. Duryodhana becomes despondent and turns away from fighting as the troops panic at Arjuna’s prowess. Seeing this, Kṛpācārya approaches Duryodhana to advise and console him.