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Shloka 59

Dvaipāyana-hrade Duryodhanasya Māyā — Yudhiṣṭhirasya Dharmoktiḥ (Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 30)

महता शड्खनादेन रथनेमिस्वनेन च । ऊर्ध्व॑ धुन्वन्‌ महारेणुं कम्पयंश्वापि मेदिनीम्‌

mahātā śaṅkhanādena rathanemisvanena ca | ūrdhvaṃ dhunvan mahāreṇuṃ kampayaṃś cāpi medinīm ||

Sañjaya said: With a mighty blast of conches and the rumbling sound of chariot-wheels, they came there, flinging a vast cloud of dust upward and making the earth itself tremble. Hearing the uproar of Yudhiṣṭhira’s army, the three great chariot-warriors—Kṛtavarmā, Kṛpācārya, and Aśvatthāmā—then addressed King Duryodhana in this manner.

महताby/with great
महता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
शङ्खनादेनwith the conch-blast
शङ्खनादेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्खनाद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
रथनेमिस्वनेनwith the sound of the chariot-rims (wheels)
रथनेमिस्वनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथनेमिस्वन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ऊर्ध्वम्upwards
ऊर्ध्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऊर्ध्व
धुन्वन्shaking/raising
धुन्वन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootधुन्वत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Present active participle, धू (धुनोति)
महारेणुम्a great dust-cloud
महारेणुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहारेणु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कम्पयन्causing to tremble
कम्पयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकम्पयत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Present active participle (causative), कम्प् (caus. कम्पयति)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
मेदिनीम्the earth
मेदिनीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमेदिनी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
Kṛtavarmā
K
Kṛpācārya
A
Aśvatthāmā
D
Duryodhana
C
conch (śaṅkha)
C
chariot (ratha)
E
earth (medinī)
D
dust-cloud (reṇu)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how war amplifies collective emotion—noise, dust, and trembling earth become symbols of escalating conflict. Ethically, it frames the battlefield as a space where leaders must respond to overwhelming momentum with discernment, since martial spectacle can cloud judgment and intensify destructive resolve.

Sañjaya describes the arrival and advance marked by conch-blasts and chariot-wheel thunder, raising dust and shaking the ground. Hearing the tumult from Yudhiṣṭhira’s forces, Kṛtavarmā, Kṛpācārya, and Aśvatthāmā prepare to speak to Duryodhana, setting up counsel or a tactical response.