Shloka 89

द्वैपायनह्रदे दुर्योधनान्वेषणम् / The Search for Duryodhana at Dvaipāyana Lake

Devanagari script

तमब्रवीत्‌ सत्यधृति: प्रणतं त्वग्रत: स्थितम्‌

Transliteration

tam abravīt satyadhṛtiḥ praṇataṁ tv agrataḥ sthitam | etad vai kāraṇaṁ sarvaṁ vistareṇa nivedaya ||

Translation

Satyadhṛti (Vidura) addressed him, who stood before him with reverent obeisance: “Tell me in full detail the entire reason for this. It is indeed a great fortune that you have survived the dreadful slaughter of the Kauravas; yet how have you come here even before King Yudhiṣṭhira’s entry into Hastināpura? Explain to me the whole cause at length.”

Word by Word

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अब्रवीत्: said/spoke
• अब्रवीत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सत्यधृतिः: Satyadhṛti (the truth-resolute one)
• सत्यधृतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun (proper name/epithet)
• Root: सत्यधृति
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रणतम्: bowed down, having saluted
• प्रणतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रणत
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• तु: but/and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• अग्रतः: in front
• अग्रतः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अग्रतः

• स्थितम्: standing
• स्थितम्: Karma
• Type: Verb (past participle)
• Root: स्था
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• वै: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै

• कारणम्: reason, cause
• कारणम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कारण
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• सर्वम्: all, the whole
• सर्वम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• विस्तरेण: in detail, at length
• विस्तरेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विस्तर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• निवेदय: tell, report, explain
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि + विद्
• Form: Imperative (Loṭ), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Satyadhṛti (Vidura)
• Yuyutsu
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Hastināpura
• Kauravas

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights truth-centered inquiry and responsible speech: a wise elder (Vidura, ‘steadfast in truth’) asks for a complete, detailed account before judging events, emphasizing ethical discernment in the chaotic aftermath of war.

What is happening in the narrative?

After the catastrophic destruction of the Kauravas, Vidura (Satyadhṛti) addresses Yuyutsu, who has come respectfully. Vidura expresses surprise that Yuyutsu arrived before Yudhiṣṭhira’s formal entry into Hastināpura and asks him to explain the full reason in detail.