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Shloka 16

सभा-पर्व, अध्याय 56: विदुरस्य द्यूत-निन्दा

Vidura’s Censure of Dicing and Warning to the Kurus

दृष्ट होतद्‌ विदुरेणैव सर्व विपक्षिता बुद्धिविद्यानुगेन । तदेवैतदवशस्याभ्युपैति महदू भयं क्षत्रियजीवधाति,बुद्धि और विद्याका अनुसरण करनेवाले विद्वान्‌ विदुरने यह सब परिणाम पहलेसे ही देख लिया था। क्षत्रियोंके लिये विनाशकारी वही यह महान्‌ भय मुझ विवशके सामने आ रहा है

Dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca — dṛṣṭaṃ hy etad vidureṇaiva sarvaṃ vipakṣitaṃ buddhividyānugena | tad evaitad avaśasyābhyupaiti mahad bhayaṃ kṣatriyajīvaghāti ||

Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: “Vidura—wise, and guided by intellect and learning—had already foreseen all this and weighed its consequences. Now that very great fear, destructive to the lives of kṣatriyas, is advancing upon me, helpless as I am.”

दृष्टम्seen/foreseen
दृष्टम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु) → दृष्ट (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
होतत्happening/that which would occur
होतत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभू (धातु) → भवत्/होतत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक/आर्ष रूप)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle; irregular form)
विदुरेणby Vidura
विदुरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविदुर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सर्वम्all (this)
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विपक्षितम्considered/pondered (in all aspects)
विपक्षितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवि + पक्ष (धातु/प्रातिपदिक) → विपक्षित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular, क्त (PPP)
बुद्धि-विद्या-अनुगेनby (one) following intellect and learning
बुद्धि-विद्या-अनुगेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootबुद्धि + विद्या + अनुग (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
एवindeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
एतत्this
एतत्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अवशस्यof (me/the) helpless one
अवशस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootअवश (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अभ्युपैतिapproaches/comes upon
अभ्युपैति:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + उप + इ (धातु)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
महत्great
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
indeed/and (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भयम्fear/terror
भयम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
क्षत्रिय-जीव-धातिdestroys the life of the kshatriyas / is life-destroying for kshatriyas
क्षत्रिय-जीव-धाति:
TypeVerb
Rootक्षत्रिय + जीव + धा (धातु) → धाति (तिङन्त)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
V
Vidura
K
Kṣatriyas

Educational Q&A

Wise counsel grounded in discernment and learning can foresee the ethical and practical consequences of adharma; ignoring such counsel leads to collective ruin, especially for rulers and warriors.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra reflects that Vidura had already predicted the disastrous outcome of the unfolding conflict; he now feels powerless as a great, kṣatriya-destroying danger draws near.