Shloka 10

त॑ प्रयान्तं ततः पश्चादाह्वययन्तो महारथा: । संशप्तका: समारोहन्‌ सहस््राणि चतुर्दश,अर्जुनको जाते देख पीछेसे चौदह हजार संशप्तक महारथी उन्हें ललकारते हुए चढ़ आये

taṁ prayāntaṁ tataḥ paścād āhvayayanto mahārathāḥ | saṁśaptakāḥ samārohan sahasrāṇi caturdaśa ||

Sañjaya said: As Arjuna moved on ahead, the great chariot-warriors known as the Saṁśaptakas surged up from behind, shouting challenges—fourteen thousand in number.

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रयान्तम्going forth / departing
प्रयान्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या (धातु: या)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, Present active participle (शतृ)
ततःthen; from there
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
पश्चात्afterwards; from behind
पश्चात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात्
आह्वययन्तःcalling; challenging
आह्वययन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-ह्वे (धातु: ह्वे/ह्वा)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Present active participle (शतृ)
महारथाःgreat chariot-warriors
महारथाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
संशप्तकाःthe Saṁśaptakas (sworn warriors)
संशप्तकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंशप्तक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समारोहन्they mounted/advanced (upon)
समारोहन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-रुह् (धातु: रुह्)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
सहस्राणिthousands
सहस्राणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
चतुर्दशfourteen
चतुर्दश:
Karma
TypeNumeral
Rootचतुर्दश
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
S
Saṁśaptakas
M
mahārathas

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ethic of steadfastness under challenge: vows and martial duty drive warriors to confront a formidable opponent, and the hero’s resolve is tested by deliberate provocation and overwhelming numbers.

As Arjuna proceeds, a large contingent of Saṁśaptaka elite chariot-warriors rushes in from behind, loudly challenging him; their aim is to engage and restrain him through a massed assault.