Shloka 104
स काल: सो&न््तको मृत्यु: स यमो रात्र्यहानि तु । मासार्धमासा ऋतव: संध्ये संवत्सरशक्ष॒ सः,वे ही काल, अनाक, मृत्यु, यम, रात्रि, दिन, मास, पक्ष, ऋतु, संध्या और संवत्सर हैं
sa kālaḥ so 'ntako mṛtyuḥ sa yamo rātryahānī tu | māsārdhamāsā ṛtavaḥ sandhye saṃvatsaraś ca saḥ ||
Vyāsa said: He is Time; he is Antaka, the Ender; he is Death; he is Yama. He is also night and day, the months and half-months, the seasons, the twilights, and the year.
व्यास उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse identifies a single overarching power—Time—as manifesting both as moral death-authority (Yama) and as the very structure of temporal experience (day/night, seasons, year). Ethically, it urges humility and clarity: all embodied achievements are bounded by time, so one should act in dharma without arrogance or despair.
Vyāsa is describing the all-encompassing nature of Kāla in the context of the war’s unfolding, emphasizing that the forces bringing warriors to their end are not merely human agency but the cosmic movement of time that governs life, decay, and death.