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Shloka 48

स साथ्र व्यधमच्चापि रथं हेमपरिष्कृतम्‌ । ह्दि विव्याध समरे त्रिंशता सायकैर्भुशम्‌,इसके बाद घोड़ोंसहित उसके सुवर्णभूषित रथको छिल्न-भिन्न कर डाला और समरांगणमें तीस बाणोंसे उसकी छातीमें गहरी चोट पहुँचायी

sa sāśvān vyadhamac cāpi rathaṁ hemapariṣkṛtam | hṛdi vivyādha samare triṁśatā sāyakair bhuśam ||

Sañjaya said: He also shattered that gold-adorned chariot along with its horses, and in the thick of battle he pierced his opponent’s chest with thirty arrows, inflicting a grievous wound. The verse underscores the relentless escalation of martial skill and violence on the battlefield, where prowess is displayed without pause even as the larger moral order (dharma) is strained by the necessities of war.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अश्वान्horses
अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
व्यधमत्smashed / shattered
व्यधमत्:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यधम् (ध्मा धातु, वि-उपसर्ग)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हेमपरिष्कृतम्adorned with gold
हेमपरिष्कृतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootहेम-परिष्कृत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हृदिin the chest/heart-region
हृदि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootहृद्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
विव्याधpierced
विव्याध:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध् (वि-उपसर्ग)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
त्रिंशताwith thirty
त्रिंशता:
Karana
TypeNumeral
Rootत्रिंशत्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
सायकैःwith arrows
सायकैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसायक
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
भृशम्severely / greatly
भृशम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभृशम्

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
C
chariot (ratha)
H
horses (aśva)
A
arrows (sāyaka)
G
gold ornaments (hema-pariṣkāra)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the harsh reality of kṣatriya warfare: skill and force are exercised decisively in battle. Ethically, it points to the tension between duty in war and the suffering war inevitably produces, a recurring Mahābhārata theme where dharma is tested under extreme conditions.

Sañjaya reports that a warrior destroys an opponent’s gold-decorated chariot along with its horses and then strikes the opponent in the chest with thirty arrows, causing a severe wound—an image of overwhelming battlefield dominance.