Shloka 5

स हयान्‌ संनिगृह्माजी स्वयं हयविशारद: । युयुधे रथिनां श्रेष्ठो लघु चित्र च सुष्ल च,रथियोंमें श्रेष्ठ द:शासन अश्व-संचालनकी कलामें निपुण था। वह रणभूमिमें स्वयं ही घोड़ोंको काबूमें करके शीघ्रतापूर्वक विचित्र रीतिसे अच्छी तरह युद्ध करने लगा

sa hayān saṃnigṛhya ājau svayaṃ hayaviśāradaḥ | yuyudhe rathināṃ śreṣṭho laghu citraṃ ca suṣṭhu ca ||

Sañjaya said: Skilled in handling horses, he himself reined in the steeds on the battlefield. That foremost of chariot-warriors fought swiftly, employing varied and well-executed maneuvers.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हयान्horses
हयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
संनिगृह्यhaving restrained/controlled
संनिगृह्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + नि + ग्रह्
FormAbsolutive (Tumun/Lyap), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
आजीin battle
आजी:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआजी
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
स्वयम्himself
स्वयम्:
Karta
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
हयविशारदःskilled in horses/horse-handling
हयविशारदः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहय-विशारद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युयुधेfought
युयुधे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormLiṭ (Perfect), Ātmanepada, Third, Singular
रथिनाम्of the chariot-warriors
रथिनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
श्रेष्ठःthe best
श्रेष्ठः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लघुswiftly
लघु:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootलघु
चित्रम्in a varied/strange manner
चित्रम्:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित्र
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सुwell
सु:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसु
उष्णम्fiercely/intensely
उष्णम्:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउष्ण

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
H
horses (steeds)
C
chariot-warrior (rathin)

Educational Q&A

Even in war, mastery is shown through restraint and disciplined control—symbolized by reining in the horses. The verse highlights that skill and composure (self-command) are integral to effective action, aligning martial prowess with inner regulation rather than mere aggression.

Sañjaya describes a leading chariot-warrior who, being an expert horseman, personally controls the horses and fights rapidly with varied, well-executed maneuvers on the battlefield.