Shloka 41

Devanagari script

पीड्यमानस्तु कर्णेन युयुधानो महारथ: । विव्याध बहुभि: कर्ण त्वरमाण: पुन: पुन:,कर्णसे पीड़ित होते हुए महारथी युयुधान बड़ी उतावलीके साथ कर्णको अपने बहुसंख्यक बाणोंद्वारा बारंबार बींधने लगे

Transliteration

pīḍyamānastu karṇena yuyudhāno mahārathaḥ | vivyādha bahubhiḥ karṇaṃ tvaramāṇaḥ punaḥ punaḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: Though hard-pressed by Karṇa, the great chariot-warrior Yuyudhāna, in swift urgency, repeatedly pierced Karṇa with a multitude of arrows.

Word by Word

• पीड्यमानः: being afflicted/pressed
• पीड्यमानः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पीड् (धातु)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, शानच् (वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि/भावे), passive present participle

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• कर्णेन: by Karna
• कर्णेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• युयुधानः: Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki)
• युयुधानः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युयुधान (प्रातिपदिक; नाम)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• महारथः: the great chariot-warrior
• महारथः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• विव्याध: pierced/wounded
• Type: Verb
• Root: व्यध् (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• बहुभिः: with many
• बहुभिः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• कर्णम्: Karna (as object)
• कर्णम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• त्वरमाणः: hastening
• त्वरमाणः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्वर् (धातु)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, शानच् (वर्तमानकाले), present participle (active)

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

• पुनः: again (repeatedly)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Karṇa
• Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki)
• arrows

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores steadfastness under adversity: even when overwhelmed, a warrior committed to his duty (kṣatriya-dharma) responds with determined effort. Ethically, it reflects the battlefield ideal of resilience and unwavering allegiance amid escalating violence.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya narrates that Karṇa is pressuring Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki), yet Yuyudhāna, acting quickly, counters by repeatedly striking Karṇa with many arrows, intensifying their duel.